Comparison Current vision screening methods for detecting Amblyopia

  1.  Amblyometer (Analyzing Brightness Sense)

   Benefits 
     a. Identifies Amblyopia directly at the cortical level.

     b. Quantifies Amblyopia
     c. No examiner bias (self-test)
   Problems
     None identified
 

 2.  Visual Acuity by automation and Panoramic Pinhole (DiagnosticGame app)

   Benefits

•  Detects amblyopia via loss in visual acuity

•  Does not require a technician to record vision, no technician bias

• The child can not memorize the chart or peak with the good eye

• Results are automatically recorded

•  Does not  require glasses or refraction

   Problem
    Does not identify the refractive error

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3. Visual acuity testing by a technician
   Benefit
      Measures visual acuity
   Problem

   a.  Does not identify amblyopia, only measures uncorrected visual acuity.

   b.  False negative when the child  "peeks" with the good eye or memorizes the chart.
   c.  Requires experienced technician to avoid improper testing technique and bias
 

4. Auto-refractor

   Benefits
     a. Measures refractive errors
     b. Objective
   Problems
    a. Does not identify amblyopia
    b. Does not measure visual acuity
 

5. Photo-Screening

   Benefits
     a. Identifies risk factors for amblyopia
     b. Objective

   Problems
    a. Does not identify amblyopia
    a.  Risk factors = 15-20%; Amblyopia = 1-4%
    b.  Many false positives leading to over referrals